Heathcliff Under the Tree

Wuthering Heights

VictorianBreezyNovelEnglishLong · 432 pages
Influence60th pct
Popularity95th pct

Read this if you…

  • want just a super dark fucked up plot
  • want to see if this is actually worse than Jane Eyre, or Groble is incorrect

Skip this if you…

  • want a positive heartwarming light read

Why It Matters

Emily Brontë wrote the most ferociously passionate novel in English, a love so intense and destructive it scared Victorian readers. Heathcliff isn't a romantic hero, he's a force of nature, and the book doesn't apologize for the wreckage he leaves. Nothing else in English fiction sounds like it.

Connections

Where to go next

Built Onwhat came beforeWuthering HeightsKing LearParadise LostGenesis

  • King Lear by William Shakespeare. Wuthering Heights built on it. - The only secular work Brontë names in the whole novel — Lockwood's threats, he says, "smacked of King Lear," a wink at the play behind the book - Brontë was reading her father's Shakespeare as she wrote, and Heathcliff's revenge and storm-driven madness run on *Lear*'s engine: a great house wrecked by its own inheritance - Read the play first and Heathcliff reads less like a Gothic villain and more like Lear's heir — wronged, vengeful, raging at the weather
  • Paradise Lost by John Milton. Wuthering Heights built on it. - Heathcliff descends from the Romantic Satan of *Paradise Lost* — proud, magnetic, beyond redemption — reaching Brontë through Byron's Manfred - The Brontës grew up on Milton; critics from Gilbert and Gubar onward read Catherine and Heathcliff against his Satan and Eve - Catherine's dream of exile from heaven draws on Milton's map of damnation — read him first and the novel's cosmic stakes come into focus
  • Genesis by Moses. Wuthering Heights built on it. - The whole shape of *Wuthering Heights* — childhood innocence, a tempter, expulsion, exile — reworks the Eden story of *Genesis* - Brontë was steeped in Scripture from girlhood; the novel carries some 110 biblical references and stages its fall in a garden, apples and all - Reading *Genesis* first makes the paradise the lovers lose legible as the original one
Gallery

Depicted in Art

A young woman in profile, hair pulled back, gaze averted — long held to be Emily Bronte though some scholars now argue it depicts Anne.

Patrick Branwell Bronte, 1833

Heathcliff in profile leans against the bare, gnarled trunk of a wind-battered tree, face tilted up to a stormy sky, alone on the moors.

Fritz Eichenberg, 1943

The title page of the original 1847 Thomas Cautley Newby edition, printed under Emily Bronte's pseudonym 'Ellis Bell'.

1847

The ruined stone farmhouse of Top Withens stands alone on a windswept moor under heavy sky, a single tree leaning beside it.

Steve Partridge, 2007

Editions

Recommended Editions

#1Top Pick$9.00$8.39

Penguin Classics

2002

Nestor's Penguin reads the novel through its nested narrators (Lockwood, Nelly Dean, and the question of who you trust) without flattening the gothic charge. Clean text, modern notes, easy to find.

#2

W. W. Norton

2019

Please support us by purchasing through these links, at no extra cost to you!

Deep Dive

What It's About

Spoiler warning

This summary gives away plot details.

Notable Quotes

I am Heathcliff! He's always, always in my mind.

Catherine, Wuthering Heights

Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same.

Catherine, Wuthering Heights